Natural heating
The rectangular building faces south with its longest side, where they insist most of the openings and where there is a porch that allows summer shading windows and walls of the ground floor without depriving themselves of the winter sun .
In the winter months, since the angle of incidence of the sun very low, the arcade still allows good light and natural heating of the walls and windows of the latter increased by closing the perimeter of the porch in the winter through the windows that involves affixing the formation of a storage volume of solar heat as the roof of the porch with a good thermal insulation.
The protection from the wind is partially made from plants to trees (laurel, olive trees) located in the south-west towards the valley where the winds are channeled towards the west, while the main building is protected by a rural building site in parallel with similar high Just a few meters to the south porch of the winter closure participates substantially in this defense.
Natural light
Most of the windows are distributed on three walls completely open to the countryside and then enjoy the natural light throughout the duration of the day, while on the opposite wall, adjoining the farm building to insist on a few openings for ventilation or sanitation environments already illuminated by other openings.
The most environments, including services, are provided with natural lighting in quantities greater than the minimum permitted by the ratio between the surfaces of the rooms and those of its openings.
Natural Conditioning
The structure is designed to defend from the summer heat with porches on the facades being the sunniest and the west wall (generally more attacked by the solar heat) is protected from adjacent rural building placed parallel to the distance of only ml.3.50 and so thoroughly in the shade on summer afternoons.
The roof slab, made entirely of wood, was built with natural ventilation (ventilated roof) for summer comfort of housing units in the attic.
The accommodation is located at the top of a hill (400 meters in altitude), which faces towards the Sibillini Mountains in the summer is so frequently exposed to currents of fresh air from the nearby mountains.
All openings are protected from the summer sun, some with porches, some with external dimming systems (wooden shutters).
Noise
The building is made of stone and brick masonry bearing so the majority of the rooms are divided among themselves and towards the external walls of medium thickness equal to cm. 50 with excellent sound insulation.
Even the fixtures reduce the transmission of noise being made of wood and fitted with double glazed windows.
The accommodation, though far enough away from roads and from external noise sources, has performed numerous plantings (not yet adults) with the aim of creating green barriers not only to improve the privacy and natural climate and appearance but also to break down any noises from the outside is in the opposite direction.
Building Materials
The primary objective in the restoration of the farmhouse was to maintain the original structures, therefore, special attention was paid to maintaining the traditional rural building elements including where, for operational requirements, have necessarily been rebuilt from scratch parts of the building.
The accommodation has, like the original artifact, ground and first floors to all-natural construction elements including floor plan consisting of the main beams in the traditionally strong essence wood (oak, elm) and decking made of wooden beams and terracotta tiles of terracotta.
The existing vertical and horizontal structural elements have undergone conservative renewal and, where necessary, to particular problems of instability or functional changes, have been subject to removal and reconstruction through the replacement of the dilapidated and the use of traditional techniques and materials and so typical of the paints.
Particular attention was paid to the choice of materials for the building work has been used lime-based mortar that is to consolidate the existing finishes of the wall hangings and terracotta elements especially for remanufactured parts (roof tiles recovered from the demolition ).
With regard to reducing the amount of energy embodied in materials used, were made the following choices:
- The wood was used for the reconstruction of the structural elements of the floors and decks, for lintels;
- The arcades are made entirely of wood;
- The exterior and interior are made of solid wood;
- Thermal insulation panels cork was used.
BIOBUILDING
The current status and natural materials
The building farmhouse bought in recovery had already beensubjected, as in most of the old buildings of our rural countryside,spread over multiple rearrangements of at least a century.
The original structure, consisting of load bearing walls in local sandstone and brick, tied with gravel and lime mortar was firstextended to the west (late nineteenth century) using the same materials and construction techniques, then raised in the main body of original (50 years) with brick, bonded with cement mortar anddrawn with the formation of a new floor in brick.
With the same operation has been achieved or restoredpresumably (given the materials used eterogenietà) placed outsidethe oven at the north-west.
Therefore, the artifact presented to the ground and first floors all-natural construction elements including floor plan consisting of the main beams in the traditionally strong essence wood (oak, elm) anddecking made of wooden beams and terracotta tiles.
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The goals of the recovery
The primary objective of the recovery was to maintain the original structures as far as possible with new interventions aimed at meetingthe functional needs of the farm.
Therefore, special attention was paid to the recovery of traditional rural building elements including where, for operational requirements,have necessarily been rebuilt from scratch parts of the building.
"Recover" means primarily "reuse" But using all the tricks to gethealthy and living spaces in compliance with the regulations, so the rooms on the ground floor all have skylights in the floors andventilated walls with the ground.
The design has been addressed mainly to the new functions forbuilding studios, single rooms, reception area and toilet facilitiesrequired for farm activities.
By studying the distribution of individual housing units, seekingindependence, and "privacy" under the existing architecturalelements, nine units were obtained in total absence of '"buildingeffect" for both the formal appearance of the building that has remained virtually unchanged, both for the internal displacement ofthe same units.
Another particular feature of the design was the creation ofindividual spaces and covered exterior for lunch or stay where they are with most of minialloggi order to be able to enjoy more of the surrounding landscape dominated by the Monti Sibillini.
One of the accommodation was made for the disabled with the complete removal of architectural barriers outside and inside.
The existing vertical and horizontal structural elements have undergone conservative renewal and, where necessary, to particular problems of instability or functional changes, have been subject toremoval and reconstruction through the replacement of thedilapidated and the use of traditional techniques and materials and so typical of the paints.
When you retrieve a rural building is completely changing the useand especially when this has been designed and built to meet the need for customs and belong to the past, is pure utopia to apply thefull restoration unless you want to build a museum of rural tradition .
A crucial element is still the identification of all the architectural elements are essential to preserve the unique characteristics andtypical of the original artifact, regardless of the functional requirements that must be subject to the formal ones.
In our case, the most recent part of the construction of the building(the raising of the '50s) was restructured with a slight elevation in order to gain further in the attic, which was once used as a barn, housing units.
The stairs to the upper floors, while remaining in the original position, releasing it, however, was completely rebuilt from the inside of the building to get to a location outside (but coveredporches) that allows access to the units' housing complex andenhancing the perception of the place pleasant exterior and interiorviews through interesting visuals.
Particular attention was paid to the choice of materials for thebuilding work has been used lime-based mortar that is to consolidate the existing finishes of the wall hangings and terracottaelements in new or restored (as needed aesthetic) especially forrebuilt parts.
The wood was used for the reconstruction of the structural elementsof the floors, lintels, the arcades and was treated with all-naturalfillers.
The exterior and interior are made of solid wood without the use ofadhesive materials containing chemicals such as plywood,chipboard and the like.
For thermal insulation of the roof and walls of cork was used in panels while the interior and exterior plaster and paint are completely based on natural lime for maximum breathability and healthiness of the building.
The roof slab, made entirely of wood, was built with natural ventilation (ventilated roof) for summer comfort of housing units in the attic, thus avoiding the use of unhealthy and environmentallysustainable air conditioners.
Ultimately all the materials used belong to the green building except for the exhaust pipe and the few structural elements made ofreinforced concrete (base of the stairs, roof curbs, formation of light wells) prescribed by the regulations on construction in seismic areas.
There would be no need to admit that the product obtained by the intervention of restructuring is quite different, especially functionally, from the old farmhouse where we started but we can simultaneously argue that the result obtained by the constant attention in the typological aesthetic and makes recovery that the building remains fully integrated into the surrounding environment and that every detail inside and outside project the viewer into the story, the landscape and tradition of our land.
We believe that the best card for the future of the inland areas of Macerata, and tourism that respects the identity, consisting of mountains, hills and plains, cities and national parks, monuments and history, customs, cuisine .
The work lasted two years, have been conducted in full respect for the environment and man, using only natural materials, green building techniques and bio-ecological architecture, to stay healthy and informed, where possible while maintaining the original artifact.
Masonry with mortar made of lime and brick recovered, and cork panels for thermal insulation, while the interior and exterior plaster and paint are completely based on natural lime, to ensure maximum breathability and health building . The exterior and interior solid wood without the use of chemical adhesives, even for the structural elements of the floors, lintels, porch of the wood used is treated with all natural fillers.
The roof slab redone entirely in wood with natural ventilation (ventilated roof), favors the summer comfort of housing units in the attic and avoids the use of unhealthy and environmentally sustainable air conditioners.
The attention to the protection of landscapes, culture, traditions and history of peoples, is combined with the need now recognized throughout Europe, to have opportunities, facilities and locations, where environmental quality is increasingly widely perceived Plus as a holiday and to improve the environment, adopting responsible behavior. Tourism can become the main tool for land conservation, recovery of traditions and local identities; more sustainable tourism is an investment for everyone: the people, operators, local governments, with benefits for everyone, including the tourist .
There are several places in Europe and around the world have realized the real networks certified host where the facilities are identified outside for their volunteers and shared commitments to reduce their environmental impact.
Ecolabel is the network of EU eco-label for tourist accommodation services which, through the adoption of energy saving measures and water, reducing pollution and waste separation, the objective is to improve the overall environment.
Aware of the benefits that the system can generate environmental certification for the area for tourism and for our business, we have tried to join the Network of European Ecolabel and the LegambienteTurismo.
Therefore, we are actively working to improve our organization in the direction of sustainable tourism through the promotion of a culture geared towards environmental awareness and appropriate training of staff.
First direct documentation we have acquired at various book sources, magazines and especially from the "Green Guide & Natural 2006 – Certified Quality".
Then we gave preference to participate in training seminars and conferences:
- "Environmental Management Systems (EMS) in the tourism sector", the Marche Region, Ancona, 3 April 2006;
- "Paths of an environmental label for accommodation", Province of Macerata, Piediripa, June 22, 2006;
- "The European Ecolabel for tourist accommodation services and camp", ARPAM, San Benedetto del Tronto, October 10, 2006.
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